Indlela Yokukhetha Iivalvu Zebhola Zokusetyenziswa Kwinqanawa

Kwishishini leenqanawa, ukuthembeka nokhuseleko akunakuxoxiswana ngako. Yonke into—ingakumbi iivalvu—kufuneka isebenze ngokuhambelanayo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu,iivalvu zebholaZihlukile ngoyilo lwazo oluncinci, ukusebenza okulula, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutywina. Kodwa ngenxa yezixhobo ezininzi kunye noqwalaselo olufumanekayo, ungayikhetha njani ivalvu yebhola efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa enqanaweni

1. Cinga ngeNdalo yoLwandle

Iindawo zaselwandle ziphakathi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu kuzo naziphi na izixhobo zoomatshini. Amanzi anetyuwa, ukufuma, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokuguquguquka kobushushu kunokukhawulezisa ukugqwala kunye nokuguga.

Ngoko ke, inyathelo lokuqala ku-khetha izinto zevalvuezinokumelana nokugqwala kwaye zigcine ukuqina ixesha elide:

• ①Iivalufa zeBhola yeBronze– Ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo emanzini olwandle; ilungele imibhobho yamanzi olwandle, iinkqubo ze-ballast, kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa.

• ②316 Iivalvu zeBhola zeNtsimbi engaGciniyo– Ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kunye namandla oomatshini; ifanelekile kwiinkqubo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye neekhemikhali.

• ③Iivalufa zeBhola yeBrass– Ixabiso layo liphantsi kakhulu kwiindawo zamanzi acocekileyo okanye kwiindawo ezingezizo ezolwandle kodwa ayikhuthazwa ukuba isetyenziswe ngqo emanzini olwandle.

2. Khetha Uhlobo loQhagamshelo olufanelekileyo

Uhlobo loqhagamshelo lumisela indlela ivalvu edibana ngayo kwinkqubo yemibhobho yenqanawa. Ezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• ①Iivalufa zeBhola eziPheleleyo eziFlanged– Ibonelela ngoqhagamshelo oluqinileyo loomatshini kunye nokugcinwa okulula. Ilungele imibhobho emikhulu kunye neenkqubo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

• ②Iivalufa zeBhola ezineMisonto (ezineSkrub)– Incinci kwaye ifanelekile kwiipayipi ezincinci ezinobubanzi kunye neenkqubo ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi.

• ③Iivalufa zeBhola eziPheleleyo eziWelded– Nika uqhagamshelo olungavuziyo kwiindawo ezihlala zihleli, ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo.

Xa ukuthembeka nokulula kokuqhaqha kuyizinto eziphambili—njengakwiinkqubo zokupholisa okanye zamanzi olwandle—iivalvu zebhola ezine-flanged zihlala zikhethwa.

3. Chonga uxinzelelo lwenkqubo kunye nobushushu

Iinkqubo zaselwandle zisebenza phantsi koxinzelelo kunye namaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo. Ukukhetha umlinganiselo woxinzelelo ofanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuzinzileyo.

• Uvavanyo lwe-①PN16–PN40 lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo zaselwandle.

• ②Kwiinkqubo zepetroli ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye ze-hydraulic, iivalvu zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ezilinganiswe ngaphezu kwe-PN40 ziyacetyiswa.

Ukongeza, cinga ngokumelana nobushushu ukuba ivalvu isetyenziswa kumagumbi eenjini okanye kufutshane nezitshintshi zobushushu.

4. Khetha uyilo lweValve oluLungileyo

Uyilo lwangaphakathi lwevalvu lumisela ukusebenza kwayo kokutywina, iimpawu zokuhamba kwayo, kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kwiincindi ezithile.

• ①Iivalufa zeBhola eziBore ngokupheleleyo– Ukubonelela ngokuhamba okungenamkhawulo, kunciphisa ukulahleka koxinzelelo. Ilungele iinkqubo apho ukuhamba okusebenzayo kubalulekile.

• ②Iivalufa zeBhola eziNciphisiweyo– Incinci kwaye ingabizi kakhulu xa isetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

• ③Iivalufa zeBhola ezidadayo– Ixhaphakile kwiipayipi ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi, ezivumela ukuvalwa okuqinileyo.

• ④Iivalufa zeBhola eziQokelelweyo zeTrunnion– Yenzelwe ubungakanani obukhulu kunye neenkqubo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kokutywina.

Kwiinkqubo zeenqanawa apho ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokuthembeka kokutywina kubalulekile, iivalvu zebhola ezidadayo ezigcweleyo zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu.

5. Jonga iziqinisekiso zoLwandle

Xa usebenza elwandle, ukuthobela imithetho kubalulekile. Soloko ukhetha iivalvu eziqinisekiswe ziingcali zolwandle ezaziwayo, ezinje:I-DNV (Det Norske Veritas).LR (iRejista kaLloyd) kunyeI-ABS (i-American Bureau of Shipping).Ezi ziqinisekiso ziqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu iyahlangabezana nomgangatho wolwandle, izinto, kunye nemigangatho yokusebenza.

6. Beka phambili uLondolozo kunye nokuSebenza okulula

Iinkqubo zaselwandle zifuna iivalvu ezilula ukuzisebenzisa nokuzilungisa, nokuba zikwiindawo ezixineneyo.Iivalvu zebhola ziyathandwa kuba zibonelela:

• ①Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwekota-ukujika

• ②Isakhiwo esincinci seendawo ezifakelweyo ezixineneyo

• ③Iimfuno ezincinci zolondolozo

Ukuze kube lula, cinga ngeevalvu zebhola ezineziphatho zokutshixa okanye izixhobo zokusebenza ukuze ufumane ukhuseleko olongezelelekileyo kunye nolawulo.

Ukukhetha ivalvu yebhola efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwinqanawa kuxhomekeke kudibaniso lwezinto—izinto ezisetyenziswayo, uhlobo loqhagamshelo, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo, uyilo, isiqinisekiso, kunye nokulula kokugcinwa.I-Qingdao I-Flow, sibonelela ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zeiivalvu zebhola zodidi lolwandleiqinisekiswe yi-DNV, i-LR, kunye ne-ABS, eyilelwe ukubonelela ngokusebenza okugqwesileyo kwiinkqubo zenqanawa. Nokuba zezemibhobho yamanzi olwandle, iisekethe zokupholisa, okanye imigca yepetroli, iivalvu zethu ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokusebenza kakuhle elwandle.