Nokuba ulawula itanki yepetroli yolwandle, ijenereyitha yedizili, okanye inkqubo yepetroli yemoto, ukukhupha umoya ngokufanelekileyo kwitanki yepetroli kungaphezulu nje kwemfuneko yoyilo - luphawu olubalulekileyo lokhuseleko oluqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo kwaye luthintele ukungasebenzi kakuhle okuyingozi.
Ngalo lonke ixesha kufakwa ipetroli okanye kutyiwa, umthamo womoya ngaphakathi kwitanki uyatshintsha. Ngaphandle kwendlela efanelekileyo yokungenisa umoya ukuze umoya ungene kwaye uphume ngomphunga, inkqubo iba noxinzelelo okanye ivalwe nge-vacuum - zombini ezi zinto zinokukhokelela ekungasebenzi kakuhle kwenjini, kumonakalo wetanki, ekuphuphumeni kwepetroli, okanye nasekuqhumeni.
1. Isitshixo seVacuum kunye nokunqongophala kwepetroli
Njengoko ipetroli itsalwa etankini iye enjinini, umoya kufuneka ubuyisele umthamo olahlekileyo ukuze ulinganise uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Ukuba akukho moya uphumayo, kwakheka i-vacuum ngaphakathi etankini. Oku kudala ukumelana nokuhamba kwepetroli, okubangela:
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①Ukuthandabuza kwenjini
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②Ukuyeka ukusebenza phantsi komthwalo
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③Kunzima ukuqala
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④Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukusilela ngokupheleleyo kokuhanjiswa kwepetroli
Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi-vacuum lock, imeko apho uxinzelelo olubi kwitanki luthintela ipetroli ukuba ingafiki enjinini - nangona itanki isenokuba isenayo ipetroli.
2. Ukwanda koxinzelelo kunye nomonakalo wesakhiwo
Kwiindawo ezishushu okanye ngexesha lokukhupha amafutha ngokukhawuleza, umphunga wamafutha uyakhula. Ngaphandle komoya wokunciphisa olu xinzelelo, amandla angaphakathi aqala ukusebenza kwiindonga zetanki. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokubangela:
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①Ukuvuvukala kwetanki okanye ukuguquka kwayo (ingakumbi kwiitanki zeplastiki)
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②Ukungasebenzi kakuhle komthungo okanye ukuqhekeka kwiitanki zesinyithi
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③Umngcipheko okhulayo wokuvuza okanye ukuqhekeka kwepetroli
Itanki yepetroli evaliweyo iba sisitya esinoxinzelelo — kwaye ukuba olo xinzelelo ludlula imida yesakhiwo, lunokuqhuma okanye lwahlukane, ingakumbi phantsi kwelanga okanye kufutshane nemithombo yobushushu.
3. Ukugcwala kunye nokuchitheka ngexesha lokuzalisa amafutha
Iitanki zepetroli ezingangeniswanga kakuhle zibangela ukuvaleka komoya ngexesha lokufaka ipetroli. Njengoko ipetroli ingena, umoya ovalelekileyo awunandawo yokuphuma. Oku kukhokelela koku:
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①I-splashback yepetroli
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②Ukuphuma kwamanzi entanyeni yokuzalisa
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③Ukugcwalisa amafutha ngokungaphelelanga okanye ukugcwalisa kancinci
Kwizinto ezisetyenziswa elwandle, oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu ngenxa yomngcipheko wokungcola kwepetroli emanzini okanye emlilweni wedekhi.
4. Ukusebenza kakubi kwenjini
Xa ukuhamba kwepetroli kungalingani ngenxa yeengxaki zokukhupha umoya, ukusebenza kwenjini kuyehla ngokuphawulekayo. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
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①Ukungasebenzi ngokulinganayo
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②Ukulahleka kwamandla ngexesha lokukhawulezisa
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③Ukuphazamiseka okukhawulezileyo
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④Ukungaqhubi kakuhle
Ezi ngxaki zihlala zichongwa ngempazamo njengokungasebenzi kakuhle kwepompo yepetroli okanye i-injector, nto leyo ekhokelela ekulungisweni okubizayo nokungeyomfuneko — xa ingxaki yokwenyani ingumngxuma nje wetanki yepetroli ovaliweyo okanye ongekhoyo.
5. Ukwanda koMphunga weFuel kunye neengozi zeNdalo
Imigangatho yanamhlanje yokukhupha umoya ifuna ukukhutshwa komphunga wepetroli olawulwayo, ngesiqhelo ngeevalvu zomoya ezinee-charcoal canisters (kwiimoto) okanye ii-vent caps ezine-flame arrestorers (kwiitanki zaselwandle). Inkqubo engavulwanga moya:
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①Yonyusa uxinano lomphunga wepetroli ngaphakathi kwitanki
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②Inyusa umngcipheko wokutsha
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③Ingaphula imigangatho yokuthobela indalo
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zoshishino nakwiindawo ezinemigaqo engqongqo yokukhupha ukungcola kwe-VOC (volatile organic compound).
Iziphumo zokwenyani zokukhupha umoya ongcolileyo
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①Iinqanawa ziyama phakathi elwandle ngenxa yokutshixwa kwe-vacuum
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②Itanki yepetroli iyawa kwiinkqubo zokugcina izinto ezingaphantsi komhlaba
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③Ukusilela kwejenereyitha yedizili ngexesha lesidingo esiphezulu
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④Amabango e-inshorensi awavunyelwanga ngenxa yeenkqubo zokukhupha umoya ezingathobeli imithetho
Ukusilela okunxulumene nomoya ophumayo kudla ngokunganakwa de kubekho umonakalo omkhulu.
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba iiTanki zepetroli zingenisa umoya ngokufanelekileyo
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①Faka ivalvu yomoya okanye isiciko somoya esenzelwe uhlobo lwepetroli yakho kunye nobukhulu betanki yakho
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②Hlola kwaye ucoce ii-vents rhoqo, ingakumbi ukuba usebenza kwiindawo ezinothuli, zaselwandle, okanye ezingcangcazela kakhulu.
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③Sebenzisa izithinteli zomlilo okanye iivalvu eziqengqelekayo ukuze ukhuseleke kwiinkqubo eziphathwayo okanye zasemanzini
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④Qinisekisa ukuba zonke iinkqubo ziyahambelana nemigaqo yokhuseleko kunye nokukhutshwa komoya kwindawo (umz., i-EPA, i-ISO, i-CE, i-USCG)
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-29-2025