Kutheni iinqanawa zineValve zoLwandle

Iivalvu zasemanzini zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiziseko zophuhliso zenqanawa, ezenzelwe ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi olwandle angena kwaye aphuma kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezikwinqanawa. Imisebenzi yazo ephambili iqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwenqanawa ngelixa iselwandle. Ngezantsi, sihlola izizathu zokuba kutheni iinqanawa zixhotyiswe ngeevalvu zasemanzini kunye neendima ezibalulekileyo ezizidlalayo.

1. Ukungenisa Amanzi kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo

Iinqanawa zixhomekeke emanzini olwandle kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezikwinqanawa, kuquka iinjini zokupholisa, iinkqubo zokusebenzisa i-ballast, kunye nezixhobo zokucima umlilo. Iivalvu zaselwandle zilawula ukungena kwamanzi olwandle kwezi nkqubo, ziqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi olwandle okulawulwayo nokusebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo:

• Iinkqubo Zokupholisa: Iinjini kunye nezinye iimatshini zifuna amanzi olwandle ukuze zikhuphe ubushushu kwaye zigcine amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo okusebenza.
• Iinkqubo zeBallast: Amanzi olwandle afakwa kwiitanki ze-ballast ngeevalvu zolwandle ukuze kugcinwe uzinzo ngexesha lokulayisha ezahlukeneyo.
• Iinkqubo Zokucima Umlilo: Iimpompo ezininzi zomlilo zaselwandle zitsala amanzi ngqo elwandle, kwaye iivalvu zolwandle zilawula le nkqubo.

2. Ukukhupha Amanzi Amdaka kunye neMisele Yamanzi Ngaphandle Kolwandle

Iivalvu zasemanzini zivumela ukukhutshwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwamanzi amdaka acociweyo, amanzi amdaka, okanye ulwelo olugqithisileyo ngaphezulu kwamanzi. Zixhotyiswe ngokungqongqo kwimigaqo yokusingqongileyo, ziqinisekisa ukuba ungcoliseko lulawulwa ngendlela efanelekileyo. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Iinkqubo zeBilge: Amanzi angaphezulu aqokelelene kwi-bilge yenqanawa ampontshwa ngaphandle kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokukhupha amanzi ezilawulwa ziivalvu zasemanzini.
• Ukukhupha Amanzi Apholisayo: Emva kokujikeleza kwiinkqubo zokupholisa, amanzi olwandle aphinda aphume aye elwandle.

3. Iindlela zoNgxamiseko noKhuseleko

Iivalvu zasemanzini zibalulekile kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko lwenqanawa, ingakumbi kwiimeko zongxamiseko. Zivumela ukwahlukana okanye ukujika kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo enciphisa umonakalo.

• Ukuthintela Izikhukula: Xa kukho umonakalo kwi-shell, iivalvu ezithile zolwandle zinokwahlula iindawo ezichaphazelekileyo, zithintele izikhukula ezingaphezulu.
• Iivalvu Zeemvula: Iivalvu zolwandle ezikhethekileyo, njengeevalvu zemvula, zikhusela ekubuyeleni kwamanzi nasekungeneni kwamanzi ngexesha lolwandle olunzima.

4. Ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokuthembeka kwiindawo ezinobungozi

Ngenxa yokuba zichanabeke emanzini anetyuwa kunye neemeko ezinzima, iivalvu ze-narine zenziwe ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala ezifana nebronze, intsimbi engatyiwayo, okanye ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo. Uyilo lwazo luqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide, ukunciphisa iimfuno zokugcinwa kunye nokwandisa ubomi beenkqubo zeenqanawa.

5. Ukuthotyelwa kweMithetho yoBume beNdalo kunye neMigqaliselo

Iivalvu zanamhlanje zaselwandle zenzelwe ukuthobela imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe yaselwandle, kuquka ne-MARPOL kunye ne-Ballast Water Management conventions. Le mithetho iyalela ukuthintela ungcoliseko kunye nokuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kwamanzi e-ballast ukunciphisa impembelelo yendalo.